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Grammar

Terms Glossary
Cases (Przypadki)
Tenses (Czasy)
Verbs (Czasowniki)
Nouns (Rzeczowniki)
Adjectives (Przymiotniki)
Pronouns (Zaimki)
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  1. Home
  2. Grammar
  3. Cases (Przypadki)
  4. Adjective Declension
  5. Adjective Comparison together with Declension

Adjective Comparison together with Declension

Adjective comparison is the creation of comparative and superlative forms of adjectives.
Examples
Base AdjectiveComparative FormSuperlative Form
wielki - bigwiększy - biggernajwiększy - the biggest
stary - oldstarszy - oldernajstarszy - the oldest
interesujący - interestingbardziej interesujący - more interestingnajbardziej interesujący - the most interesting
You can learn in details about Adjectives Comparison in this article .
You can decline adjectives and create their comparative and superlative forms at the same time. It is possible because declension only changes the ending and softens the stem, and comparison adds infixes/prefixes and sometimes changes the stem. These two operations don't collide with each other. Remember to firstly create the comparative/superlative form and then decline the adjective! This is very important in order to choose the correct ending and soften the correct stem during declension. Let's do the most complicated example possible so that you can see why the order is important.
Example
ciepły (hot) - what will be the Superlative Masculine Personal Plural Form in Nominative Case Form?
StepExplanation
ciepłyalways start with the Singular Masculine Nominative Case Form
ciepł- + -ejsz-To create the superlative form, firstly we have to create the comparative form. To do that, extract the stem of the adjective by removing its ending. Now analyze the ending of the stem. The ending ends with two consonants and the second consonant is not k, so we are going to use the -ejsz- infix. If you don't understand this step, please learn firstly how the comparison of adjective works in the Comparison of Adjectives article .
ciepł- + (ł ➜ l) + -ejsz-The stem ends with a hard consonant -ł-. Because of that, we will have to additionally soften the stem.
cieplejszyLet's connect everything and restore the ending. Great, we have the comparative form. Now to create the superlative form we simply have to add the naj- prefix.
naj- + cieplejszy = najcieplejszyWe have our superlative form. From this point, we can do the declension. Remember - we want to create the Superlative Masculine Personal Plural in Nominative Case Form.
najcieplejsz- + -'(y)The adjective ends in -szy. Because of that, we've chosen the -'(y) ending. If you don't understand this step, please firstly learn how the Declension of Masculine Personal Plural Adjectives works.
najcieplejsz- + (sz ➜ si) + -Because of the -'(y) ending we must soften the stem. Notice, that we soften it the second time! Because after the softening the stem will end with an -i- we are skipping the -y ending.
najcieplejsiApply the softening and voila! We've got the final form :)
As you can see the comparison of adjectives and declension of adjectives work together pretty well. I gave you a detailed recipe on how to create all the possible adjectives forms. Now everything is in your hands! Go and practice what you've learned. My advice is to first learn the comparison separately, then the declension and only when you master these two things connect them together. Good Luck!
Jarek Hajduk

Hi, I'm Jarek

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Cases - Noun Declension

You can support my website and my Youtube Channel by buying my grammar book on Amazon. In that book I have clearly explained, how to create different forms of noun depending on the case, number, and gender.
After reading this book you will be able to decline any noun in the Polish language. This book also contains exercises with answers, which will help you practice what you learn.
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Other Plural Adjectives Declension

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Nominative Case (Mianownik)